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P-Hydroquinone, known as hydroquinone or hydroquinone in Chinese, is an important organic compound with the chemical formula C6H6O2 and a white crystalline form. This compound has a wide range of applications in the chemical industry, the pharmaceutical field, and the photographic industry. In terms of uses, P-Hydroquinone is mainly used in the production of black and white developers, anthraquinone dyes, azo dyes and so on. In the rubber industry, it is often used as an antioxidant, which helps to extend the service life of rubber products.
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In view of the advantages of TBHQ and BHT, in recent years, BHT and TBHQ have become widely used antioxidants in fats and oil-rich foods . It should be pointed out that TBHQ and BHT have small molecular weights, are volatile and easy to sublimate, and under heating conditions, both volatilization and depletion are relatively fast, and the antioxidant performance will be generated through a series of complex redox reactions to produce the corresponding transformation products.
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T-butylhydroquinone, abbreviated as TBHQ, has a molecular formula of Cl0H1402 and a molecular weight of 166.22. [1] It is a white to light gray crystalline or crystalline powder with a very slight special odor. It is soluble in ethanol, acetic acid, ethyl ester, isopropanol, ether, and oils, and is almost insoluble in water (25 ℃,<1%; 95 ℃, 5%). TBHQ is an oil soluble antioxidant that can prevent or delay the oxidation and deterioration of fats in food.
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Researchers have been committed to exploring efficient antioxidant technologies and developing safe products. The successful development and widespread use of antioxidants such as TBHQ have solved the problem of rancidity in oil-rich foods. TBHQ, BHA, BHT, PG, etc.
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More than 20 countries have approved the use of TBHQ as a food antioxidant, including China, the United States, Australia, Brazil, etc. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) allows TBHQ to be used alone or in combination (with BHA or BHT) for oil or fatty foods, including volatile essential oils, with a maximum allowable dosage of 200PPM. It can also be used in non-alcoholic beverages, margarine, and mixed nuts.China allows TBHQ to be used as a food additive, with a maximum dosage of 0.2g/Kg.
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According to the hygiene standard GB2760 (0.4007) for the use of food additives in the People's Republic of China, TBHQ can be used for edible oils, fried foods, dried fish products, biscuits, instant noodles, instant boiled rice, canned dried fruits, pickled meat products, roasted and fried nut foods (supplemented in February 2007), etc. The maximum usage is 0.2g/kg. It is generally recommended to use 0.01~0.02% of the total amount of oil.One dose is versatile and can effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria and molds.
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TBHQ has good oil solubility and thermal stability, and does not change in color after heating.They are only suitable for high water content oil and fat foods such as biscuits, instant noodles, artificial milk oil, and mayonnaise. When the oil contains a large amount of metal ions and oxygen, the addition of antioxidants can inhibit the formation of peroxides.Oxidized fish oil is harmful to human health, so it is important to prevent oxidation and improve the stability of fish oil.
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1.Product CharacteristicsTertiary butylhydroquinone(TBHQ), white or slightly reddish brown crystalline powder, has a very light special fragrance, almost insoluble in water (about 5 per cent), soluble in ethanol, ethyl acetate, ether and other organic solvents.Tertiary butylhydroquinone has synergistic properties and can be used synergistically with other antioxidants (e.g. BHA, B HT) as well as chelating agents (e.g.
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Adding citric acid has a certain synergistic effect on TBHQ antioxidant activity.
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Hydroquinone Uses:In medicine, hydroquinone is mainly used in the treatment of pigmented skin diseases, such as chloasma and freckles, etc.
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When the oil contains a large amount of metal ions and oxygen, the addition of antioxidants can inhibit the formation of peroxides. When citric acid is combined with antioxidants, the higher the content of these impurities in the oil, the more obvious the synergistic effect. TBHQ has good oil solubility and thermal stability, and does not change in color after heating.The process of adding oil is complex, and it is easy to precipitate or oxidize during placement. Therefore, they should not be used as advanced oil antioxidants.
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Fully dissolve and evenly disperse TBHQ in oil, otherwise it will affect the antioxidant effect.Some organic acids and their derivatives can enhance the activity of TBHQ. It is better to mix it with 0010.02% citric acid.Oil antioxidants are a type of substance that can prevent or delay the deterioration of oils or fatty foods, extend their shelf life, and tert butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) is a high-quality edible oil antioxidant.It is the most effective antioxidant for most oils, especially vegetable oils.
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However, the active chemical properties of oils and fats are prone to deterioration due to oxidation and other factors. Oil antioxidants are a type of substance that can prevent or delay the deterioration of oils or fatty foods, extend their shelf life, and tert butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) is a high-quality edible oil antioxidant.At present, the production of tert butyl hydroquinone both domestically and internationally adopts the tert butylation method of hydroquinone, as shown in Figure 2.
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Antioxidants are substances that prevent or delay food oxidation, improve food stability, and extend storage life.Food antioxidants can be divided into oil-soluble antioxidants and water-soluble antioxidants based on their solubility properties.Oil soluble antioxidants can be soluble in fats and oils, and have a good antioxidant effect on fats and fatty foods, preventing their oxidation, rancidity, and oil burning. Commonly used include butyl ether, dibutyl light toluene, gallic acid propionic acid vinegar, etc.TBHQ may volatilize faster than BHT.
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When citric acid is combined with antioxidants, the higher the content of these impurities in the oil, the more obvious the synergistic effect.
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In the study, it was also found that the antioxidant effect of TBHQ is 5-7 times that of other antioxidants, because their stability is different after reacting with peroxides. In addition, TBHQ also has characteristics such as high temperature resistance, oil solubility, and antibacterial properties, which are widely used in edible oils, fried foods, etc.
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At present, the most commonly used antioxidants for oils and their products are BHA, BHT, PG, TBHQ, and tocopherols. As for vegetable oils, their antioxidant capacity is in the order of TBHQ>PG>BHT>BHA. As for animal fats, the order of their antioxidant capacity is TBHQ>PG>BHA>BHT. For anhydrous milk fat, their antioxidant capacity is in the order of PG>TBHQ>BHA>tocopherols.
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1.Product Characteristics1. Synthetic oil antioxidant TBHQ is a highly efficient, low-toxicity phenolic antioxidant with excellent antioxidant effect, and the antioxidant capacity is up to 5-7 times compared with existing food antioxidants such as BHA, BHT and PG.2. Synergistic: TBHQ can be used together with other antioxidants (such as BHA, B HT) and chelating agents (such as citric acid, etc.).3. High temperature resistance: TBHQ can be used in high temperature processed food, such as frying food, with good thermal stability.4.
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Using isobutylene as an alkylation reagent requires a reaction under closed conditions, which can also be catalyzed by strong acids. In a mixed solvent of xylene and ketone, 85% phosphoric acid is used as a catalyst [8], and isobutylene is added to synthesize tert butylhydroquinone. The selectivity of the single tert butylation reaction can reach over 90%. Cationic resin [9] can also serve as a catalyst for this reaction, but the effect is not very ideal.
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Product DescriptionIn addition, TBHQ also has characteristics such as high temperature resistance, oil solubility, and antibacterial properties, which are widely used in edible oils, fried foods, etc. By comparing the effects of various antioxidants in different products, summarizing the usage patterns, and providing theoretical basis for the application of TBHQ.The oil in oily food undergoes oxidation in the air, producing free radicals and peroxides, which are early indicators of food rancidity.
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Animal fats undergo a series of reactions such as the aggregation of fats, the production and transmission of free radicals, and so on at high temperatures. At the same time, animal fats lack natural antioxidants, so it is necessary to add effective antioxidants to maintain an appropriate shelf life. Chen Yongquan et al. measured the changes in peroxide value of samples added with different antioxidants in lard while studying the antioxidant properties of TBHQ.
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TBHQ may volatilize faster than BHT. Therefore, the application of microcapsule technology can solve this problem under high temperature conditions. Using natural antioxidant tea polyphenols, BHA, BHT, and synergistic agent citric acid as the core material, and food grade natural substance p-cyclodextrin as the wall material, microcapsule antioxidant was prepared using microcapsule technology.Water soluble antioxidants are soluble in water and mainly used for food oxidation and discoloration.
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There are two types of antioxidants, one is chemical synthesized and the other is natural antioxidants. Chemical synthesis, such as BHT, BHQ, TBHQ, ethoxyquinoline, PE, etc., these are considered to be called chemical synthesis of antioxidants, these antioxidants have been banned in Europe, that in China and the United States, is the amount of additive per kilogram can not be greater than 0.2, these chemical synthesis of antioxidants, it is true that there is now some controversy, but the antioxidant effect is relatively good.
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Product ParametersMolecular formula: C10H14O2Molecular weight: 166.22CAS No.: 1948-33-0 TBHQ has been used in more than 20 countries, such as the United States, and was approved to be used in oil and fat-containing foods, fish products, biscuits, quick-cooking noodles, canned fat-containing foods, cured meat products in China in 1992.
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